When electricity first became popular appliances were wired directly into the power system - no plugs. As you can imagine this caused any number of fires as the wires were quickly overloaded with gadgets that everyone couldn't do without. Then in 1904 Harvey Hubbell invented the "Separable Attachment-Plug" which was the first screw-in light socket, turned on with a pull chain. This was followed by the first screw-in electrical plug, which was screwed into the same socket as the light fixtures. Thanks to all these inventors we now have surge bars that regulate our power use even in the case of an electrical storm.
In search of the standard electrical plug
So what's the problem? Anyone who travels knows that these handy plugs are not standardized, nor is the level of power use the same. I first discovered this is a most dramatic way. I was in a hotel room in Thailand and plugged in my battery charger loaded with batteries from Japan. The batteries literally popped out of the charger and flew across the room, totally fried and unusable.
It would be OK if there were only a few variations in power source and plug configurations. We could carry with us a small kit with the different plug types with chargers that would adapt to the local power settings. However, the international situation is unbelievably complex and is not getting resolved by any international edict either. Here is what Harry Herman writing for
Gizmo has to say about it.
In the meantime, this means that things really aren't going to change. Your Walmart shaver will still die if you plug it into a European socket with a bare adapter, Indians will still be reminded of the British Empire every time they unplug a laptop, Israel will have their own plug which works nowhere else in the world, and El Salvador, without a national standard, will continue to wrestle with 10 different kinds of plug.
- The British plug with a fuse built into it.
This situation started long ago with people not realizing how the development of future international travel and communication would effect us all. Who in 1928 would take a new vacuum cleaner or a lamp with them on a ship to Europe, for example? Then there was the destruction of Europe and England during World War II and the need to rebuild as quickly as possible. The Brits took all their electrical gadgets to India but then they left in 1947, leaving behind an old version of their plug still in use in India today. The power situation in India is so overloaded with the amount of electronic devices there that it's usual to have weekly rolling power outages everywhere.
There is hope for the future with the USB plug. Although the power going to the USB plugs still varies, the plug itself is all the same. You can plug into one in Africa just as easily as New York City. In addition, as bluetooth technology and WiFi improves, we won't need to plug in at all. Hopefully it will all be invisible in the walls and we won't have to deal with snarls of cords collecting dust in those corners OR lack of standard electrical plugs. However, it will be years yet before there is an alternative to batteries. My battery charger may still throw the batteries across the room in Thailand.